0000039384 00000 n �x������- �����[��� 0����}��y)7ta�����>j���T�7���@���tܛ�`q�2��ʀ��&���6�Z�L�Ą?�_��yxg)˔z���çL�U���*�u�Sk�Se�O4?�c����.� � �� R� ߁��-��2�5������ ��S�>ӣV����d�`r��n~��Y�&�+`��;�A4�� ���A9� =�-�t��l�`;��~p���� �Gp| ��[`L��`� "A�YA�+��Cb(��R�,� *�T�2B-� �i`�tiwFmnp<1X��� ��� � ��s���r'?z ` �bx2 x�bbrb`b``Ń3� ���ţ�1�1@� |Y� ZDi�`�a�sQB|(f0�? 0000038075 00000 n 0000038208 00000 n 0000019062 00000 n 0000007428 00000 n 0000035562 00000 n 0000036909 00000 n 0000058384 00000 n 0000038926 00000 n 0000002935 00000 n 0000027763 00000 n 0000003406 00000 n 0000003017 00000 n • The first of these was the transition from vacuum tube to transistor. trailer 0000036344 00000 n <]>> History of Computers: From Abacus to Smart-phones Aim: In this lesson, you will learn: Various devices that have been used for computations in the past. Indeed, the history and evolution of computers is quite extraordinary. N'��)�].�u�J�r� 0000036010 00000 n 0000003908 00000 n 0000001656 00000 n 0000006322 00000 n 0000036177 00000 n 0000033791 00000 n %PDF-1.6 %���� 0000058097 00000 n 0000000016 00000 n 0000022972 00000 n • The calculations of this period were specialized and expensive, requiring years of training in mathematics. 0000028447 00000 n Academia.edu is a platform for academics to share research papers. endstream endobj 520 0 obj<>/W[1 1 1]/Type/XRef/Index[78 429]>>stream 0000057655 00000 n 507 14 H���Mo�0���GM5$v�+�a� 6�;,�����fEZ�݊$3���Kf�����k�py�Z�P,��#�����w�o(��X�b���B�Zp�:��x�i��B� E� %PDF-1.4 %���� 507 0 obj<> endobj 0000037328 00000 n endstream endobj 516 0 obj<> endobj 517 0 obj<> endobj 518 0 obj<>stream 0000002312 00000 n The history of computers can be traced back to 2700 BC in different civilizations such as Sumerian, Roman and Chinese, which made use of Abacus for mathematical calculations. 0000036630 00000 n 0000037741 00000 n 0000036763 00000 n 0000035843 00000 n 0000002799 00000 n xref 103 0 obj <> endobj 0000000016 00000 n 103 69 • These human computers were typically engaged in the calculation of a mathematical expression. 0000015726 00000 n �K����&�$�9GL�Eڧ�#�#hA.�U�Kf ��\���v��^A��P���m�].���R&��t��~��̨�9�%N*��/O�tOH;�ctȌ��KCB)�J������z��B������]�O�֖9ŵ������s�DF�L����hV�����"um��)7�S��N��vR�}CY/�fH�K�U�$��?��ױu��aK�����iЍ�5�M�RZ�@��o6����~O��&���(����5��Ri��ld0����bߝ��ZW ̿ď���� H���yTSw�oɞ����c [���5la�QIBH�ADED���2�mtFOE�.�c��}���0��8��8G�Ng�����9�w���߽��� �'����0 �֠�J��b� 0000037055 00000 n �ꇆ��n���Q�t�}MA�0�al������S�x ��k�&�^���>�0|>_�'��,�G! 0000036490 00000 n 0000038354 00000 n �V��)g�B�0�i�W��8#�8wթ��8_�٥ʨQ����Q�j@�&�A)/��g�>'K�� �t�;\�� ӥ$պF�ZUn����(4T�%)뫔�0C&�����Z��i���8��bx��E���B�;�����P���ӓ̹�A�om?�W= n�3ܣ�k�Gݯz=��[=��=�B�0FX'�+������t���G�,�}���/���Hh8�m�W�2p[����AiA��N�#8$X�?�A�KHI�{!7�. xref Mid 1800s: Ada Lovelace Ada Lovelace, daughter of the poet Lord Byron, worked with Babbage on the Analytical Engine Programmed Analytical Engine using punched cards Considered first computer programmer Ada programming language ... A Short History of Computing ��w�G� xR^���[�oƜch�g�`>b���$���*~� �:����E���b��~���,m,�-��ݖ,�Y��¬�*�6X�[ݱF�=�3�뭷Y��~dó ���t���i�z�f�6�~`{�v���.�Ng����#{�}�}��������j������c1X6���fm���;'_9 �r�:�8�q�:��˜�O:ϸ8������u��Jq���nv=���M����m����R 4 � 0000038521 00000 n Abacus, a wooden rack … 0000028310 00000 n 0000034236 00000 n 0000057909 00000 n 0000029461 00000 n 2y�.-;!���K�Z� ���^�i�"L��0���-�� @8(��r�;q��7�L��y��&�Q��q�4�j���|�9�� 0000003872 00000 n 0000034569 00000 n 0000035129 00000 n 0000001206 00000 n 0000044141 00000 n A faster computer brings about faster operation and that in turn causes an 0000034859 00000 n 0000034994 00000 n 0000003206 00000 n 0000035697 00000 n =Rc-{��Z�)����!�Uv�`�K�6J +�N���N��p9u��d{� c��#W�Lꡘ�߄�!��Cg(��J��P�2ECU9�E���OR|s���{�^D4�A�tǧ�ً(9Bq12��0 e;z� 0000035395 00000 n 0000037908 00000 n 0000038789 00000 n %%EOF "F$H:R��!z��F�Qd?r9�\A&�G���rQ��h������E��]�a�4z�Bg�����E#H �*B=��0H�I��p�p�0MxJ$�D1��D, V���ĭ����KĻ�Y�dE�"E��I2���E�B�G��t�4MzN�����r!YK� ���?%_&�#���(��0J:EAi��Q�(�()ӔWT6U@���P+���!�~��m���D�e�Դ�!��h�Ӧh/��']B/����ҏӿ�?a0n�hF!��X���8����܌k�c&5S�����6�l��Ia�2c�K�M�A�!�E�#��ƒ�d�V��(�k��e���l ����}�}�C�q�9 0000027218 00000 n 0000002947 00000 n %%EOF 0 i. 0 0000001018 00000 n trailer 0000028740 00000 n 0000003652 00000 n <<82CD1B8971E4B345B5C2C8446BC4EC4C>]>> 171 0 obj<>stream 0000034403 00000 n 0000034101 00000 n History of Computers Earliest Computer • Originally calculations were computed by humans, whose job title was computers. 0000002199 00000 n 0000037605 00000 n to the computer. 0000037459 00000 n PDF | On Oct 21, 2019, Ishaq Zakari and others published History of computer and its generations. 0000011928 00000 n endstream endobj 508 0 obj<>/OCGs[510 0 R]>>/PieceInfo<>>>/LastModified(D:20040901101357)/MarkInfo<>>> endobj 510 0 obj<>/PageElement<>>>>> endobj 511 0 obj<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]/ExtGState<>>>/StructParents 0>> endobj 512 0 obj<> endobj 513 0 obj[/ICCBased 518 0 R] endobj 514 0 obj<> endobj 515 0 obj<>stream 0000001713 00000 n History of computer in the area of technological development is being considered because it is usually the technological advancement in computers that brings about economic and social advancement. History of Computer Hardware (Post 1960’s) • There were several developments that occurred in the 1960’s that forever changed the course of modern computing. 0000000587 00000 n 0000034715 00000 n startxref 0000002235 00000 n 0000039239 00000 n 0000026858 00000 n 0000035264 00000 n 0000038654 00000 n 0000028990 00000 n 0000029218 00000 n 0000037195 00000 n The transistor was developed in the 1940’s and 50’s, Major milestones in development of modern day computers Development of Internet, browser and other Internet based applications, games and Linux. 0000001515 00000 n | Find, read and cite all the research you need on ResearchGate x�b```b``�a`a``�a�a@ V da�h��^o�M�yv0XM���4e��W��zfˎe��"�3�n,�9�vT �B{�t�L��@�q��e��.�3�r�8�2'u�)�9U���,����jׁ�f?n�v��tq�еl.i �f@���YÀc �� �2ŀ������0@�ut�� ����@���e2��bi�f� W�&�K\Z����;�y�#� ����w� cB=�h([10 0000046811 00000 n 0000003985 00000 n 0000039093 00000 n 0000001905 00000 n W�+�A�O�W7"Ϟ�q�y�vv����+�HJ�Y��h�#�VlL�� ޮ�R#/s�{B]'�7��a�/C�6�4�l�(V�C�������oC��n�6�� Ҷ �G$. 0000071910 00000 n startxref 509 0 obj<>stream 0000033957 00000 n
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