Three months earlier, on 4 February, the Germans had established a U-boat blockadearound Great Britain and Ireland and had declared any vessel in it a legitimate target. For propulsion, she featured a single propeller shaft, a single 450 bhp (340 kW) diesel engine for surface running, and a single 160 shp (120 kW) electric motor for submerged travel. The remaining two boats were surrendered at war's end, with U-21 being ceded to Italy in 1920, and U-22 to France; both were broken up. [4] After intricate negotiations,[4] the order was split into two orders of two submarines each, with U-20 and U-21 built at the Pola Navy Yard, and U-22 and U-23 built at the Hungarian UBAG yard at Fiume. [3], After initially operating out of Pola, U-20 was transferred to Trieste in February 1918. After seven months of reconstruction, U-20 was commissioned into the Austro-Hungarian Navy on 20 October. She was commissioned on 5 August 1913. At a range of 650 yards (590 m), F-12 torpedoed U-20 at position 45°29′N 13°05′E / 45.483°N 13.083°E / 45.483; 13.083 (SM U-20), sinking her with all hands. When it became apparent to the Austro-Hungarian Navy that the First World War would not be a short war,[1] they moved to bolster their U-boat fleet by seizing the plans for Denmark's Havmanden class submarines,[7] which had been designed by Whitehead & Co. in Fiume, who had built three units. The collision with the Austro-Hungarian light cruiser twisted U-20's periscope, extensively damaged the conning tower, and knocked off her deck gun. [5], SM U-21 was built at the Pola Navy Yard and was launched on 15 August 1916, and was the first of the class to be launched. Kriegsmarine) during the First World War. SM U-20, the lead boat of the class, was laid down on 29 September 1915 at the Pola Navy Yard. [9] The Austro-Hungarian Navy unenthusiastically placed orders for U-20 and her three sister boats on 27 March 1915. A portion of her conning tower is on display in a military museum in Vienna. Kriegsmarine) during the First World War. The double-hulled U-Boat was 57.38 m long, 6.00 m wide, had a draft of 3.13 m and a displacement of 493 tons above and 611 tons underwater. [4] The conning tower and a small midships section of U-20 were donated to the Heeresgeschichtliches Museum in Vienna, where they are on display, while the rest of the boat was scrapped. There was no wreckage on the surface, only an oil slick. Austro-Hungarian Navy ship classes of World War I, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=U-20-class_submarine&oldid=861163043, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, 1,400 nautical miles (2,600 km) at 10 knots (19 km/h) surfaced, 23 nautical miles (43 km) at 8 knots (15 km/h) submerged, 2 × 45 cm (17.7 in) torpedo tubes (both in front); 2 torpedoes, This page was last edited on 25 September 2018, at 15:03. [10] The conning tower and a midship section were donated to the Heeresgeschichtliches Museum in Vienna, where they are on display. As an Amazon Associate uboat.net earns a commission from qualifying purchases. [1], U-20 was one of two boats of the class to be built at the Pola Navy Yard. It could dive to a maximum of 50 m in about 50–90 seconds. U-20 did not sink any ships during her service. [9] Remains of her crewmen were interred on the grounds of the Theresian Military Academy at Wiener Neustadt. [2], U-20 was laid down on 29 September 1915,[3] six months after she was ordered,[1] and was launched on 18 September 1916. At Pola at the war's end,[11] U-21 was ceded to Italy in 1920 as a war reparation and broken up. [5], SM U-20, the lead boat of the class, was laid down on 29 September 1915 at the Pola Navy Yard. [7] In early October, U-21 conducted patrols off the Albanian coast, but a mid-October Mediterranean patrol was cut short by a leaky seal on her main hatch. [6], During their active service, the boats of the U-20 class suffered from unreliable engines which compounded the already poor handling characteristics of the boats. The SM-U20 German boat has a notorious place in history for having sunk the British passenger liner RMS Lusitania, which resulted in heavy loss of innocent lives. [4][Note 1] Like all of her sister boats,[7] U-20 had no wartime successes. [7] The remains of the crewmen were buried on the grounds of the Theresian Military Academy at Wiener Neustadt. [5] U-22 sank no ships during the war. [6] None of the class had any successes and two of their number were sunk during the war. [5], In mid 1962, the wreck of U-20 was discovered in the northern Adriatic. U-20 had an encounter with an enemy submarine on 7 April but was not able to successfully launch an attack. [2] The U-20-class boats were designed for a crew of 18. U-21 did not have any successes during the war. [6] Although the Austro-Hungarian Navy was not happy with the design, which was largely obsolete,[8][9] it was the only design for which plans were available and which could be begun immediately in domestic shipyards. [1] During diving trials in March 1917, U-20 was accidentally rammed by the Austro-Hungarian Navy light cruiser Admiral Spaun, which required seven months of repairs for the U-boat. Kriegsmarine) during the First World War. SM U-20 or U-XX was the lead boat of the U-20 class of submarines or U-boats built for and operated by the Austro-Hungarian Navy (German language: Kaiserliche und Königliche Kriegsmarine or K.u.K. Read about SM U 20 during WWI. [1] U-21 was damaged in a diving trial in January 1917, requiring seven months for repairs. [6], U-20 was armed with two 45 cm (17.7 in) torpedo tubes located in the front and carried a complement of two torpedoes. U-20 was just over 127 feet (39 m) long and was armed with two bow torpedo tubes, a deck gun, and a machine gun. [3] The Austro-Hungarian Navy unenthusiastically placed orders for four boats on 27 March 1915. The wreck of U-20 was located in 1962 and salvaged. On her 15 March 1917 trial, she was accidentally rammed by Admiral Spaun in the Fasana Channel. [7] She was in the estuary of the Tagliamento river in early July 1918 when she was spotted by the surfaced Italian submarine F-12. [5] The subcontracts were also divided between Hungarian and Austrian firms,[1] with about two-thirds going to Hungarian companies and one-third to Austrian companies. She was launched on 18 September 1916. [10], Shipwrecks and maritime incidents in July 1918, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=SM_U-20_(Austria-Hungary)&oldid=985835567, World War I shipwrecks in the Adriatic Sea, World War I submarines of Austria-Hungary, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, sunk by Italian submarine F-12, 4 July 1918, raised and partially scrapped in 1962, remaining parts donated to museum, Klemens Ritter von Bezard (May 1916 – April 1917), Franz Rzemenowsky von Trautenegg (July – November 1917), Hermann Rigele (November 1917 – March 1918), 1,400 nautical miles (2,600 km) at 10 knots (19 km/h) surfaced, 23 nautical miles (43 km) at 8 knots (15 km/h) submerged, This page was last edited on 28 October 2020, at 06:49. Over the next three months, the U-boat patrolled in the northern Adriatic between the Tagliamento estuary and Venice. Although there is no specific notation of a range for U-20, the Havmanden class, upon which the U-20 class was based, had a range of 1,400 nautical miles (2,600 km) at 10 knots (19 km/h), surfaced, and 23 nautical miles (43 km) at 8 knots (15 km/h) submerged.

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