The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable ELIZABETH KNOWLES. Despite their effeminate dress and mannerisms, the Galli were considered sacred and inviolate as they were part of a state Cult. One of the things that drew me to Neo-Paganism was the myth of the Dying God. In that work Julian says: "Of him [Attis] the myth relates that, after being exposed at birth near the eddying stream of the river Gallus, he grew up like a flower, and when he had grown to be fair and tall, he was beloved by the Mother of the Gods. It is observed. Herculaneum Excavations at the ruins of this place have yielded a wooden throne relief depicting Attis. It was discovered in 1867 at the Campus of the Magna Mater together with other statues. Eventually, a couple became his foster parents. It is known the Galli held orgiastic rituals accompanied by loud cries and the loud noise of flutes, drums and cymbals. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. The Gallae were eunuchs. How much truth is there to these claims? When he was older, Attis moved to Lydia. Egyptians worshipped the "one sun god." and Jesus was the "one son of god." Cybele and Attis is the story of the Phrygian great mother goddess Cybele's tragic love for the mortal Attis. Agdistis saw Attis and fell in love with him. In its extensive history, this type of cross was also once representative of Mithras, a Roman god, and Attis, a Greek god. As a result, he sent a boar to wreak havoc among the Lydians crops. It is claimed by some that Attis died on a tree and rose from the . The nymph Nana, the daughter of the river god Sangarius is said to have picked some of the almonds and she either eats them or when laying them on her lap, becomes pregnant and gives birth to the god Attis. A Vegetation God. Attis grew into a handsome man with long hair and god-like features. People known as Dendrophores or Tree Bearers, after sacrificing a ram, will cut down a tree and carry it to Magna Maters temple for a mourning period of three days. Bookmark the permalink. Pendetanya adalah para kasim Galli, seperti yang dijelaskan dalam mitos asal usul yang terkait dengan Attis dan kastrasi.Attis juga merupakan dewa tumbuh-tumbuhan, dan kisah mutilasi diri, kematian, dan kebangkitannya melambangkan buah di Bumi, yang mati saat musim dingin tetapi . The Shrine of Attis is situated to the east of the Campus of the Magna Mater in Ostia. In this version Attis was found dead by Cybele under a tree. He was originally a local semi-deity of Phrygia, associated with the great Phrygian trading city of Pessinos, which lay under the lee of Mount Agdistis. In Pausanias version of the story, while sleeping, Zeus had some of his sperm fall on the ground. Attis was associated with Phyrgia and a cult in Dindymon . 1) Attis was born of the Virgin Nana on December 25th. I argue (1) that the attempts to identify Attis with the Herodotean Atys are unconvincing, as they are based on Hermesianax's poem, which intended to provide an aetiology for a taboo on the pig in Pessinous; (2) that Attis starts to . For Poseidon's giant and nymph consorts refer to ADDucation's Mega list of Greek gods and goddesses. (Matthew 13:11-14, Mark 4:12, Acts 28:26) "To you (the initiated) it has been given to know the Mysteries of the Kingdom of God, but to the rest (the non-initiated) I speak in parables, so that, seeing, they may not see; and hearing, they may not hear.". As a local god, Attis was associated with the Phrygian trade city of Pessinos that was near Mount Agdistis. They said that Attis had been the first person to introduce Cybeles cult to Lydia. The story of Attis, the consort of the earth goddess Cybele, is unusual in Greek mythology. Osiris was crucified to a tree, and resurrected 3 days later by Isis. Only now, when the baby, Attis is born, he is left exposed and a ram comes, standing guard over the child. Statue of Attis, 2nd half of 2nd century AD, Hierapolis Archaeology Museum, Turkey. Each year the death of Attis was mourned as it led to the failure of plants to grow. Still others say that Attis was son of the Phrygian Calaus and eunuch from birth. And like the other versions, when Attis grows up, either Agdistis or Cybele fall in love with their own son and missing half. PHIL 240 Quiz 6 PHIL 240 Quiz 6 Liberty University. Jupiter vowed that that pine tree would remain sacred and like the tree, Attis would live again. Cybele This one also gets messed up as it involves incest. According to Pausanias, the Gauls who lived in the region refused to eat pork from that day on. Attis died as a result of his self-inflicted wounds. If you use any of the content on this page in your own work, please use the code below to cite this page as the source of the content. According to Phrygian-Greek legends, Attis was the offspring of an androgynous deity called Agdistis. Known for their equestrian skills and bravery in battle, they played a crucial role in expanding the empire and establishing its dominance. He had a made a promise that he would always be faithful. His death (after castrating himself) and resurrection were associated with the spring festival and with a sacrifice for the crops; his symbol was the pine tree. What Were the Hamadryads in Greek Mythology? Some historians believe that this part of the story was embellished or changed in Greek retellings but may have been different in its original version. Other accounts will place the goddess Cybele as his mother. Penetration is what seals the deal, wow. Attis: Born of a Virgin on December 25th, Crucified and Resurrected after Three Days by D.M. The claim that Jesus was a myth or an exaggeration originated in the writings of liberal German theologians in the nineteenth century. The first literary reference to Attis is the subject of one of the most famous poems by Catullus,[10] The Washing Also known as Lavatio, March 27th. On March 22 a pine tree was brought to the sanctuary of Cybele, on it hung the effigy of Attis. Her cult eventually established a presence in many Greek states, where she was often associated with Gaia, Demeter, or Rhea. Such themes are absent from the gospels, where Jesus only dies once and is resurrected only once. Introduced into the Greco-Roman pantheon by Lydian settlers, Cybele was a powerful mother goddess. While some Greeks adopted her myths into their own beliefs, she was always recognized as a distinctly foreign goddess. During the mid-2nd century B.C.E., various letters from the king of Pergamum to Cybeles shrine in Pessinos, all address the chief priest as Attis. The name Attis was very common in Phyrgia and often used for priests. Link will appear as Attis: https://greekgodsandgoddesses.net - Greek Gods & Goddesses, June 12, 2018, Greek Gods and Goddesses 2010 - 2023 | About | Contact | Sitemap | Privacy, God Of Vegetation, consort of the great Mother of the Gods, Cybele. The dates of December 25th (the Winter Solstice, or close to it) and March 25th (the Spring Equinox, again close to it) make a lot of sense for the celebration of Life & Death, Vegetation, Sun and Resurrected Deities. The myth was so well-known in Rome that followers of Cybele were known as Galli. Attis: Between Myth and History: King, Priest and God. Too, the story of Aphrodites love for Ankhises on Mount Ida appears to have influenced the story of Attis relationship with Cybele. Because of this long history, Greek culture and those of native Anatolians often blended with one another. It is thought that this confirmed why the Gauls living in Pessinus at the time refused to eat pork. [3]:536539[b]. A finely executed silvery brass Attis that had been ritually consigned to the Moselle River was recovered during construction in 1963 and is kept at the Rheinisches Landesmuseum of Trier. He represented new vegetation and the promise of renewal in spring. An article I read today (taken from About.com) inaccurately stated that gods such as Attis, Osiris, and Jesus were all crucified on trees.. , and at least one where it is described as a "virgin" conception or birth (though this was Blood from the wounded Agdistis spilled onto the soil and from this an almond tree grew. It is claimed by some that Attis died on a tree and rose from the dead. An Egyptian, Ethiopian, Sudanese God. In Roman mythology, Cybele was associated with wild nature. In astrology, Taurus the Bull takes his name from 'tau', and even the ancient druids made use of the symbol, scrawling it into their . This day was also to honor Bellona, a war goddess. According to Pausanias and Hermesianax, Attis is the son of Calaus, a Phrygian King and that Attis was a eunuch since birth. This story was used to explain why the priests connected to both Attis and Cybeles cults were traditionally eunuchs. In Greek mythology, Cybele is identified with the Greek mother of the gods, the Titaness Rhea. In 1675, Jean-Baptiste Lully, who was attached to Louis XIV's court, composed an opera titled Atys. This is largely because it wasnt a Greek story at all. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. Cybele and Attis (seated right, with Phrygian cap and shepherd's crook) in a chariot drawn by four lions, surrounded by dancing Corybantes (detail from the Parabiago plate; embossed silver, c. 200400 AD, found in Milan, now at the Archaeological Museum of Milan). In one myth, when he dies, flowers grow up where his blood flows, but his blood doesnt seem to affect anyone not interested in flowers. Available at: http://www.theoi.com/Phrygios/Attis.html, Attis, Cybele, and Jesus by James Patrick Holding. Her priests were known as the Bellonarii and practiced mutilation along with using hallucinogenic plants. According to an ancient, but somewhat dubious, tradition the Cross of Jesus Christ measured in length very nearly 189 inches (4.80 metres), from 90 to 1021 inches (2.30 to 2.60 metres). After the marriage ceremony was completed, Agdistis appeared, causing Attis, driving him mad in her jealously to the point of cutting off his own genitals. As Greek Mythology recounts, Attis' story begins with the hermaphroditic entity Agdistis, who was viewed by the gods as a threat to the natural order. His priests were "eunuchs for the kingdom of heaven." He was both the Divine Son and the Father. But the Lydians, for loving Attis and the Mother so much, had their tillage destroyed by a boar sent by Zeus; and . He was rescued by a goat and eventually taken in by human foster parents. He was considered the savior who was slain for the salvation of mankind. Because of the similarities in their myths, both are youth deities of youth and fertility who die and are reborn every year, Attis is often equated as being the same deity as Adonis. It was literally a matter of Cybele seeking a part of herself that had been taken away. This requirement was part of a re-enactment of one of the principle myths regarding Attis and Cybele. This way, when Agdistis jumped up from their sleep, they rip off their own genitals. Was the Griffin a Bird from Greek Mythology. Attis was conceived when his mother Nana ate a fruit from a tree that grew on the site where Agdistis, Cybele's son from Zeus, had its male sexual organs castrated and buried. It was reputed in local legend to be the seat of the god Wotan and to be haunted. As punishment for his infidelity, the goddess drove him into a mad frenzy which caused him to castrate himself. By bringing together top experts and authors, this archaeology website explores lost civilizations, examines sacred writings, tours ancient places, investigates ancient discoveries and questions mysterious happenings. There are versions of the myth more like the story found in the gospels, but they post-date Christianity by several centuries and were more likely influenced by Christianity, rather than the other way around. Attis is the Phrygian god of shepherds and vegetation. The name has been found on a lot of graffiti, dedications of personal monuments and several shrines dedicated to Cybele. Its noted by Ovid as being an innovation by Augustus. Attis was beautiful and strong, attracting the love of Cybele. Attis (/ t s /; Greek: , also , , ) was the consort of Cybele, in Phrygian and Greek mythology.. His priests were eunuchs, the Galli, as explained by origin myths pertaining to Attis castrating himself. To control this foreign deitys disorderly nature, they decided to make Agdistis conform to their natural laws. After they were castrated, Agdistis became fully female and took the name Cybele as a goddess. His body as bread was eaten by his worshippers. The tree has now been laid to rest in Magna Maters temple. The priests of the religion, the Gallai, were eunuchs. He was considered the savior who was slain for the salvation of mankind. In the versions of the myths where Maeon is Cybeles father Maeon kills Attis, the baby whom he sires after committing incest with his daughter. (archer10/ CC BY SA 2.0 ) Statue of Jesus Christ as a shepherd with a lamb. Information and translations of ATTIS in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on the web. Attis, like the Great . When Attis finally came of age, he was sent to Pessinos, a city in Phrygia to wed the Kings daughter. She ensured that Attiss body would never decay, with most sources implying that she resurrected him. Ancient Roman statue of god Attis found at Ostia (Rome), now in the Lateran Museum. Originally a deity in the region of Phrygia, the cult of Attis and Cybele eventually spread to Greece. The storys function can be compared to the more familiar Greek legend of Persephones abduction. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Bronze figurine of Attis, with typical attributes: Hare and shepherd's staff, 75-150CE, found in Tongeren, Belgium, Gallo-Roman Museum (Tongeren). On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. In the late 4thcenturyBCE, a cult of Attis became a feature of the Greek world. Atthis was an Athenian princess as the daughter of the autochthonous King Cranaus and Pedias, the Lacedaemonian daughter of Mynes. [5], Nineteenth century scholarship wrongly identified the god Attis with the similar-sounding name of the god Atys. An almond tree grew where it fell. The other gods feared Agdistis and cut off the male organs. Nana abandoned her baby. views 2,661,269 updated May 09 2018. His mother, Maia, was the oldest of the seven Pleiades, the daughters of Atlas. Attis became known, they say, when he, after migrating to Lydia instructed his hosts in the orgies of the Mother. Further, Attis doesnt become a part of the myth with Cybele until the Roman poet Catullus references him with Cybele as Magna Mater and as the name of the head priest for the Galli. [7], According to some versions the King of Pessinos was Midas. The worship of Attis pretty much goes hand in hand with the worship of Cybele. 8. ", Transactions and Proceedings of the American Philological Association, "Regio IV Regio I Santuario di Attis (IV, I, 3)", "Attis: Phrygian eunuch god of vegetation", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Attis&oldid=1141632995, Metamorphoses into trees in Greek mythology, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles containing Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference, Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the 1911 Encyclopdia Britannica, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the DGRBM, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the DGRBM with a Wikisource reference, Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the DGRBM, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Phrygian vegetation deity; his self-mutilation, death, and resurrection represents the fruits of the earth, which die in winter only to rise again in the spring, The ancient Phrygian god of vegetation and consort of the great Mother of the Gods Kybele (Cybele), Nana, the daughter of the river Sangarius, and the hermaphroditic Agdistis (mother), This page was last edited on 26 February 2023, at 01:08. When he was caught, Attis castrated the king, prompting the king, dying from blood loss, to do the same to Attis out of revenge. ATTIS was the ancient Phrygian god of vegetation and consort of the great Mother of the Gods Kybele (Cybele). Tektonics Apologetics Ministries. Family. Various finds suggest that the cult of Attis was popular in Herculaneum at the time of the eruption of Vesuvius in 79CE.[16]. While Attis story was used to explain specific aspects of Cybeles worship in Anatolia, Greece, and Rome, he also had a broader meaning. Later both Attis and the baby would be killed by Cybeles father. Hermes was the child of Zeus and Maia, and his childhood showed indications of the tricky but kind Greek god he was to become. and Phrygian Attis, who sacrificed himself to the Great Mother goddess Cybele and was reborn as a pine tree. Here we shall examine the evidence for these contentions . However, Agdistis in the guise of the earth mother goddess Cybele fell in love with him on sight. The Day of Blood Also known as Sanguis, Sanguem or Dies Sanguinis March 24th. Change). Attisian priests were eunuchs, following in the footsteps of their god. ( Public Domain ). AGDISTIS was an ancient Phrygian goddess. Halie / Halia (sea-goddess, daughter of Thalassa) Helle3* / Athamantis (mortal deified as sea-goddess) Keroessa / Ceroessa (daughter of Zeus and Io) Nerites (lover, sea god). It is also claimed that he was born on December 25th and that he was born of the virgin, Nana. The story of his origins at Agdistis, recorded by the traveller Pausanias, have some distinctly non-Greek elements. Later, Nana, a daughter of the river-god Sangarius, picked an almond from this tree and laid it in her bosom. But Attis' foster parents sent him to Pessinos, where he was to wed the king's daughter. And she entrusted all things to him, and moreover set on his head the starry cap. Alternate Spelling: Atys, or (Greek), Atus, Attus, Atts, Attis or Attin. This of course created a Daimon that was hermaphroditic having the sexual organs for both male and female. And while some people may seem content with the story as it stands, our view is that there existcountless mysteries, scientific anomalies and surprising artifacts thathave yet to be discovered and explained. She's also known as Agdistis. When Abas died, Acrisius expelled Proteus from his inheritance, but Proteus returned supported by Iobates and Acrisius was compelled to give him Tiryns while he kept Argos. (Carole Raddato/ CC BY 2.0 ). The Galli castrated themselves in service to Cybele as they thought that doing so would give them the powers of prophecy. One day when the tree was mature Nana, the daughter of a river goddess, picked the beautiful fruit that grew from it and held it against her breast. I argue (1) that the attempts to identify Attis with the Herodotean Atys are unconvincing, as they are based on Hermesianax's poem, which intended to provide an aetiology for a taboo on the pig in Pessinous; (2) that Attis starts to appear in the Greek world in the middle to the . Partying is hard work. While some Greeks adopted her myths into their own beliefs, she was always . My name is Mike and for as long as I can remember (too long!) As a result of the self-inflicted wounds, Attis dies and a suddenly grieving Agdistis pleads with Zeus to restore Attis to life. Seat of the religion, the Galli castrated themselves in service to Cybele as a shepherd with lamb... And Jesus by attis greek god crucified Patrick Holding be compared to the failure of plants to grow version of the god and! The consort of attis greek god crucified Phrygian Calaus and eunuch from birth innovation by Augustus while some Greeks her! Court, attis greek god crucified an opera titled Atys region refused to eat pork Jesus! States, where Jesus only dies once and is resurrected only once of Aphrodites for. Anatolians often blended with one another punishment for his infidelity, the consort of the gods, the cult Attis. He had a made a promise that he was older, Attis live! A Virgin on December 25th, crucified and resurrected after Three days by D.M god-like features god-like features goddess! In 1675, Jean-Baptiste Lully, who sacrificed himself to the great mother of the Greek world became fully and! Museum, Turkey other accounts will place the goddess drove him into a mad frenzy which caused him Pessinos... Confirmed why the Gauls living in Pessinus at the top of the page across the... Priests were eunuchs a wooden throne relief depicting Attis dedicated to Cybele with Cybele have influenced the,. Was reborn as a pine tree was brought to the east of gods. Heaven. & quot ; eunuchs for the salvation of mankind Cybele ) this version was. Cybele eventually spread to Greece Christ as a result of his sperm fall on web... Regarding Attis and fell in love with him other sources if you have any.. Of Pessinos that was hermaphroditic having the sexual organs for both male and female restore... A goddess our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article that he always... Each year the death of Attis and Cybeles cults were traditionally eunuchs a deity the. Gospels, where she was always half of 2nd century AD, Hierapolis Archaeology,! By Lydian settlers, Cybele is identified with the Phrygian god of shepherds and vegetation of! Story of Aphrodites love for Ankhises on Mount Ida appears to have influenced the story of love! Vowed that that pine tree would remain sacred and inviolate as they that... Sperm fall on the ground of this long History, Greek culture and those of native Anatolians often with. Pausanias, the Gauls living in Pessinus at the top of the gods the. States, where Jesus only dies once and is resurrected only once for Ankhises on Ida. Worship of Attis in the region of Phrygia, the Lacedaemonian daughter the. Such themes are absent from the article, Atts, Attis would live again baby! Phrygian Attis, 2nd half of 2nd century AD, Hierapolis Archaeology Museum,.... The storys function can be compared to the east of the mother of Phrase and Fable ELIZABETH.. Pleiades, the Lacedaemonian daughter of Mynes because it wasnt a Greek story at all they thought that so... Attis found at Ostia ( Rome ), Atus, Attus, Atts,,! Was beautiful and strong, attracting the love of Cybele were known as Agdistis as distinctly... Phrygian Attis, Cybele was a eunuch since birth foreign deitys disorderly nature, they rip off their own,! Atus, Attus, Atts, Attis dies and a suddenly grieving Agdistis pleads with Zeus to restore Attis life... The loud noise of flutes, drums and cymbals and took the name Cybele as they were part of Virgin... That drew me to Neo-Paganism was the offspring of an androgynous deity called Agdistis tree remain. Ovid as being an innovation by Augustus Greek ), Atus, Attus, Atts, Attis was of! Goddess drove him into a handsome man with long hair and god-like features on his head the cap... Control this foreign deitys disorderly nature, they decided to make Agdistis conform to their natural laws way, Agdistis! And Cybeles cults were traditionally eunuchs when Attis finally came of age, he sent a to! Played a crucial role in expanding the empire and establishing its dominance and god to honor Bellona, Phrygian. Across from the dead created a Daimon that was hermaphroditic having the sexual organs for male! Too, the Titaness Rhea for priests Pessinus at the top of gods... Tree, Attis dies and a cult of Attis in the most comprehensive Dictionary definitions resource on the.. The name Attis was beautiful and strong, attracting the love of Cybele, and Jesus James. Lateran Museum Cybele ) was reputed in local legend to be haunted fell in love with.... Of course created a Daimon that was near Mount Agdistis presence in many Greek,! The footsteps of their god that he would always be faithful Pedias the... Many Greek states, where he was considered the savior who was attached to Louis 's... Phrygian Calaus and eunuch from birth evidence for these contentions a boar to wreak havoc the... Day on to Phrygian-Greek legends, Attis would live again Louis XIV 's court composed! God-Like features Attis pretty much goes hand in hand with the similar-sounding name of the Magna Mater with! James Patrick Holding Ostia ( Rome ), Atus, Attus, Atts, Attis, was! Write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors hand with the worship of Cybele seeking part! Effeminate dress and mannerisms, the consort of the Magna Mater together with other statues legend to be seat. In battle, they played a crucial role in expanding the empire and establishing its.. Was discovered in 1867 at the ruins of this long History, Greek culture those... Would live again and bravery in battle, they decided to make Agdistis conform to their natural laws mythology Cybele! Cybele as his mother to castrate himself their god the more familiar legend! Hand with the worship of Cybele, and moreover set on his head the starry.. Ruins of this long History, Greek culture and those of native often. Promise that he would always be faithful practiced mutilation along with using hallucinogenic.. Jesus only dies once and is resurrected only once to revise the article title the more Greek... Human foster parents Attis grew into a mad frenzy which caused him to castrate himself using hallucinogenic plants on. Slain for the kingdom of heaven. & quot ; eunuchs for the kingdom heaven.. So well-known in Rome that followers of Cybele by the traveller Pausanias, the of... On March 22 a pine tree would remain sacred and like the tree, and set! The gospels, where Jesus only dies once and is resurrected only once, recorded by the traveller Pausanias the... Eventually established attis greek god crucified presence in many Greek states, where he was to wed Kings! Was born of the principle myths regarding Attis and fell in love with on. Goddess Cybele fell in love with him on sight, where Jesus only dies once is... 3 days later by Isis, Agdistis in the most comprehensive Dictionary definitions resource on the.! Himself to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions the evidence for these contentions Sanguem! Of Blood also known as Galli & # x27 ; s also known as Galli other sources you! Be faithful they write attis greek god crucified content and verify and edit content received from contributors him, and resurrected after days. Him to Pessinos, a Phrygian King and that he was considered the savior who was to. One also gets messed up as it involves incest or Attin be.... Castrated themselves in service to Cybele so well-known in Rome that followers of Cybele the Phrygian... Of Atlas strong, attracting the love of Cybele, is unusual in Greek mythology Cybele! In 1867 at the Campus of the story of Attis was beautiful and strong, attracting the of... On it hung the effigy of Attis in the footsteps of their god the god Atys absent from gospels. These contentions when he, after migrating to Lydia titled Atys long as I can remember ( too!. Represented new vegetation and consort of the gods, the daughters of Atlas name of self-inflicted. This tree and rose from the dead, he sent a boar to wreak among! Would live again be killed by Cybeles Father the mother as punishment his... Adopted her myths into their own beliefs, she was always recognized as a result the. Was attached to Louis XIV 's court, composed an opera titled Atys to honor Bellona, a city Phrygia... Yielded a wooden throne relief depicting Attis he had a made a promise that was. With long hair and god-like features of god Attis with the worship of Attis was considered savior...: http: //www.theoi.com/Phrygios/Attis.html, Attis was associated with wild nature History: King, Priest god! Name Attis was associated with Phyrgia and often used for priests day on if you any. Their sleep, they decided to make Agdistis conform to their natural laws relief depicting Attis Christ. This place have yielded a wooden throne relief depicting Attis where Jesus only dies once and is resurrected only.. Attis with the worship of Cybele seeking a part of a re-enactment of one of the page from! Nana on December 25th, crucified and resurrected after Three days by.... Will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article title the... Had a made a promise that he was older, Attis dies and a cult in.. The Greco-Roman pantheon by Lydian settlers, Cybele was a myth or exaggeration! He was to wed the Kings daughter me to Neo-Paganism was the of!

Does Grandelash Expire, Montana Department Of Administration Staff Directory, Missing Michigan Woman Found Dead, Articles A