This is simply a result of the language codes used in the home and the life experiences that they have had (and therefore this links with the concept of cultural capital). School Ethos and The Hidden Curriculum brief revision notes focusing on how the ethos (basic values) of a school and the hidden (or informal rules) of a school advantage some students and disadvantage others. The Male Crisis is growing due to differential treatment from infancy. Moreover black African boys to better than white boys in school and black Caribbean boys have been closing the gap, so its unlikely that teacher labelling can play a role in explaining differential educational achievement. The main set of exams, GCSEs, which have a huge impact on future educational pathways are sat at 16, when boys are going through puberty, this probably puts them at a disadvantage to girls who go through puberty earlier. 5. The belief boys should be strong and false belief in genetics creates blatant denial of differential treatment which is creating the lower academics and other problems many boys are facing today. Historically the Swann Report (1985) criticised the curriculum for being ethnocentric. A significant minority of candidates did not understand the meaning of the word considerable in this context. Use 3 points to describe what Herbert Hyman argued about working class families. External factors refer to the factors outside of the school which can negatively influence a pupils achievements. They said that parents may not have time to go due to working multiple jobs to gain a reasonable income. Study notes, videos, interactive activities and more! Teacher pupil relationships may explain some of the differences in educational achievement by ethnicity, and since it is teachers who have the power in school, teacher labelling is something we need to consider. Boston House, British history being taught from the European point of view, possibly even putting a postive spin on colonialism. Feminism has campaigned for equal rights and opportunities for women in education, the workplace and wider society more generally. PLEASE CLICK THE LINK BELOW FOR THE LINKED PDF GRID VERSION OF THE EDUCATION SPECIFICATION: Sociology A-level scheme of work AQA education. We enjoy positive communication from parents and teachers. Cultural factors are things like values, attitudes, languages etc. Brainscape helps you realize your greatest personal and professional ambitions through strong habits and hyper-efficient studying. cultural deprivation, material deprivation and cultural capital. EXTERNAL FACTORS IN EDUCATION: SOCIAL CLASS AND LANGUAGE Bernstein: Bernstein argued that W/C students are socialised into speaking in the restricted code at home which puts them at a disadvantage at school as they fail to fully comprehend with the elaborated code used by teachers and in resources and exam papers. Enjoy access to millions of ebooks, audiobooks, magazines, and more from Scribd. Transgender education policies in England and Wales There is a lack of specific guidance on how schools should avoid discriminating against transgender pupils but this post explores the scant advice that does exist. What justification did Blackstone and Mortimer (1994) give for a lack of parental interest? (2008) found that males are more likely than females to experience reading disabilities, antisocial behaviour, attention deficit disorders, dyslexia, and speech difficulties. We and our partners use cookies to Store and/or access information on a device. what is feminism? 1) Receiving instant gratification2) Leaving school as early as possible3) Parents being less likely to attend parents evening. These layers remain in the mind and take away real mental energy from academics so those boys will have to work much harder to receive the same mental reward for work expended. In a nutshell Some sociologists believe working class underachievement is the product of factors inside the school environment that hinder a pupils ability to achieve. 20102015 The Coalition Governments education policies detailed class notes covering funding cuts to education, further acadamization and the pupil premium, among other things. External factors such as the impact of feminism and girl's changing ambitions could have a large influence on gender differences in educational achievement. External Factors of Social Class and Educational Achievement: Cultural Deprivation. We enjoy lower average stress for ease of learning. The main factor of educational underachievement was the lack of parental interest in the childs education. In addition, cultural capital (Knowledge, language, attitudes and values, and lifestyle) gives the middle-class an inbuilt advantage in a middle-class controlled education system. Clipping is a handy way to collect important slides you want to go back to later. factors and/or internal or external factors, or their interrelationship. Download our revision app from the App Store! Sociological Perspectives on the Role of Education in Society Summary Grid summary revision grid covering Functionalism, Marxism, The New Right, and Post and Late Modern perspectives on education. Perspectives on the Role of Education Knowledge Check List a simple check list for this sub-topic, covering the five main perspectives you need to know (Functionalism, Marxism, The New Right, Feminism and Post/ Late Modernism), the key concepts and some selected short answer and essay questions. Weve updated our privacy policy so that we are compliant with changing global privacy regulations and to provide you with insight into the limited ways in which we use your data. Arguments for and Against Reintroducing Grammar Schools this was suggested a few years ago now my Theresa May, but Im not sure its on the cards anymore. January 31, 2015 Criticizes the notion of a crisis of masculinity leading to aggressive male identities These lads had traditional laddish identities but were not aggressive or put off by feminized work They are best described as reliable workers making the most of limited opportunities available to them. When a student enters a school system, the school cannot control external factors that contributed to the development of that child. Subjects. In reality, it is hard to fully divide factors up between in-school and out-of-school as both impact each other. Many boys falling behind in school turn their attention to sports and video games to gain measures of love and honor not received in the classroom. Thank you for watching as always. The second section includes links to my assessment posts either essay plans, 10 mark questions or general exam advice relevant here to the sociology of education. However, some sociologists argue ethnic differences occur through factors inside the school environment - notably, the ethnocentric curriculum, labelling, pupil subcultures and institutional racism. Topic 2- Class Differences in Achievement (Internal, Topic 3- ETHNIC Differences in Achievement, Topic 4- GENDER Differences in Achievement. Tel: +44 0844 800 0085. In the 1970s there priorities were to get married and have a family, but by the 1990s their priorities were to get a career and have a family later on in life. Girls outperform boys in most subjects at every level of education: from primary school to degree level. Some of our partners may process your data as a part of their legitimate business interest without asking for consent. Such factors include material deprivation (the inability to afford basic resources, such as adequate housing, food and heating) and cultural deprivation (deficiencies in home and family backgrounds, such as inadequate socialisation, inadequate language skills and inappropriate attitudes/values). Howard Becker (1971) in Chicago Some sociologists believe working class underachievement is the product of factors inside the school environment that hinder a pupils ability to achieve. The writer of the question would not have tried to trip up the candidates who misunderstood; the meaning of the question was obvious to them because it was in the language code that they routinely used. Evaluating the Marxist perspective on education medium length evaluative post focusing on a range of contemporary evidence which either supports or criticises the Marxist view of education. The Construction of British-Chinese Educational Success, Assess the claim that ethnic difference in educational achievement are primarily the result of school factors (30) ReviseSociology, How I Wouldve Answered Yesterdays AS Sociology Exam Paper (7191/1 Education) | ReviseSociology, Teacher labelling which can be both positive and negative (high and low expectations depending on the ethnic group). These posts are either medium form (like a text book section) or revision notes form, sometimes both! Pekkarinen (2012) theorised that the widening gap between females and males in education is due to the relative effort-costs of education in relation to returns. David Gilborn (1990) Found that while vast majority of teachers tried to treat all students fairly, they tended to see African-Caribbean children as a threat when no threat was intended and reacted accordingly with measures of control. Covers the entire A-level sociology syllabus, AQA focus. Do not sell or share my personal information. He looked at three subcultures the Asian Warriors, the African- Caribbean Rasta Heads and the Black Sisters. This section includes links relating to policies of selection, marketisation and privatisation;policies to achieve greater equality of opportunity or outcome, and the impact of globalisation on educational policy. They do not say how Female students in their areas are doing better collectively than their Male peers from their same socioeconomic environments. Are Schools Institutionally Racist? Internal VS External influences on Social Class Educational Achievment. When there was a change in educational achievement - where grades increased or dropped between primary and secondary school - we found this was largely explained by those environmental factors . Cultural Factors . Since we as girls are given more continual positive mental social/emotional support verbal interaction from an early age this creates the opposite outcome for girls. - fail because schools are ethnocentric (favour of white). The main internal factors are 1. The genetics models greatly favor individuals in higher socioeconomic environments who then falsely justify the plight of less affluent persons as not as intelligent or simply not working hard enough. 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One external factor that would affect the differences we see in achievement of the classes is due to cultural deprivation. Stigma and part-time jobs. -Homelessness - difficult to do any school work. In order for a business to experience significant growth and success, there are multiple factors, both internal and external which need to be accounted for. Vocational Education in Britain today summarises contemporary vocational policies including vocational GCSEs, T-Levels and apprenticeships. Educational policy has had a profound impact on society. Aucejo and James (2016) conducted a study which found that verbal skills were more important than maths skills in gaining a place at university, and females have significantly better verbal skills than males. ReviseSociologySociology Revision Resources for SaleExams, Essays and Short Answer QuestionsIntroFamilies and HouseholdsEducationResearch MethodsSociological TheoriesBeliefs in SocietyMediaGlobalisation and Global DevelopmentCrime and DevianceKey ConceptsAboutPrivacy PolicyHome. 1) They have less ambition2) Hyman - they experience short-term orientation3) They are more concerned with proper man jobs such as working in factories or being builders. However, the increasing independence of women has lead to a more uncertain role for men in British society, leaving many men feeling vulnerable and unsure of their identity in society suffering from a crisis of masculinity. Institutional Racism, where Racism is endemic at the level of policy. - Setting and streaming. Emile Durkheims view on the role of education in society class notes which take a more in-depth look at Durkheims view on the role of education in society. Evaluating the role of External Factors in Explaining the Gender Gap in Education-An evaluation post focusing on what the most significant factors are in explaining why girls do better than boys. Although the New Labour policies sought to reduce inequality, the conservative policies have reintroduced a system of inequality by encouraging privatisation and marketisation. Nutrition/diet. LS23 6AD Now these jobs have gone, many working class boys perceive themselves as having no future. 2002-2023 Tutor2u Limited. Symbolic annihilation of White and Asian people through their under-represenation in text books. Cultural factors and ethnicity revision notescovering such things as ethnic variations in parental attitudes to school and family structure and how these affect education. (3) Francis et Al (2010) The Construction of British-Chinese Educational Success. 2002-2023 Tutor2u Limited. NB: Tony Sewell ultimately holds black boys themselves responsible for their underachievement: it is their negative attitudes to schools that are mostly to blame in his opinion, but he does at least recognise that negative teacher labelling doesnt help! 5. class, gender and ambition. Learn how your comment data is processed. The SlideShare family just got bigger. This is creating the activity less maturity more learning problems and more fear of authority figures.The belief boys should be strong allows for more aggressive treatment from one year of age designed to create layers of anger and fear so they will be prepared to fight and be tough. This post looks at the characteristics of homeschooled pupils and some of the pros and cons of educating children at home. Boston Spa, The second group had not misread the question but they had tried to make sense of it in the restricted code. The prosperity of middle class parents is a main factor in their support of their children through education, enabling them to go onto higher education. Pakistani and Bangladeshi pupils had experienced the following Anxieties about their safety; Racist abuse was a lived experience of their schooling; Careers advisors at school believed South Asian girls were bound by tradition and it was a waste of time advising them; Not being allowed off during Ramadan; Not feeling that assemblies were relevant. This form of language often finds its way into textbooks and exam papers and therefore middle-class pupils are at an immediate advantage. Learn how your comment data is processed. these stylized facts and then moves on to describe evidence for the role of various factors in affecting educational achievement by gender. Connolly (1998) found that teachers generally had (stereotypical) high expectations that South Asian British boys would perform well in school and if they were deviant they interpreted this behaviour as immature rather than deliberately disruptive. Sociologists have identified the following 5 causes of working-class underachievement: speech and language codes - Bernstein. By whitelisting SlideShare on your ad-blocker, you are supporting our community of content creators. Ask each group to discuss the list of external factors and agree which factor they believe is the most influential in affecting the . Learn how your comment data is processed. Douglas said the most important factor affecting a childs attainment was parental interest in the child's education. Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts. Firstly, the internal aspects include institutional racism. Also includes a section on Paul Willis neo-Marxist study learning to labour. Assemblies having a Christian focus, as well as the school holidays (Easter and Christmas). How Does Educational Achievement Vary by Ethnicity an overview of the latest statistics from the Department for Education. AS Sociology - Education - Internal & External Factors Learn with flashcards, games, and more for free. The Functionalist perspective on education brief revision notes covering four key ideas of Functionalism on education: how school encourages social solidarity, teaching skills for work, school as a bridge between home and wider society and role allocation and meritocracy. Sociological perspectives on the relationship between education and work a brief summary post covering the Functionalist, Marxist, Feminist, New Right and Postmodern perspectives on education and work. An example of data being processed may be a unique identifier stored in a cookie. class notes. Social democratic views lead to comprehensivisation. When we step back and take a look at the statistics we find that Black Caribbean students are: Taken together these statistics may raise our suspicions about whether schools are institutionally racist, and there have been some sociologists who have argued that they are. Sociologists usually examine differential educational achievement by social class, gender and ethnicity. 4. girls' changing ambitions. - Low Income. This is because if the parents lacks this they wouldn't be . A impact of feminism changes in the family changes in women's employment girls changing ambitions 4 Q What is feminism? Education Policies in the UK avery brief overview of the Tripartite System, Comprehensives, the 1988 Education Act and New Labours and the Coalition governments policies of 1997 and 2010. Teachers and exam writers tend to spot if theyve used unusual or complex vocabulary and provide a definition or glossary. Please click here to return to the homepage ReviseSociology.com, the mind map for education really helps summarise the topic, Really useful information, it is clear and concise and really helped with my understanding of the topic. He also found that the boys in the study found that their culture received little or no positive recognition in the school. Labelling theory was developed by the interactionist sociologist Howard Becker in relation to the concept of deviance, but other sociologists have developed the concept in the context of education. 214 High Street, According to Sewell, among many black boys, academic success is associated with femininity and success may mark them out for bullying from their peers whereas academic failure is seen as a badge of honour. Children from the middle class do better at GCSE, stay longer in full time education and take a majority of . It creates lags in social vocabulary and other communication we as girls are given on a continuous basis. In-School and Out-of-School Factors Affecting Educational Achievement Level: A-Level, IB Board: AQA, Edexcel, OCR, IB, Eduqas, WJEC Last updated 17 Dec 2019 Share : The key internal ("in-school") and external ("out-of-school") factors that impact differential educational achievement in the UK are explored in this video Pupils responses and subcultures 3. As item A states, 'sociologists claim that factors outside the school, such as parental attitudes and parental income, are the main causes of working class underachievement.'. Company Reg no: 04489574. should: be able to describe the patterns of ethnic differences in educational achievement. More recently, surveys conducted by Human Rights Watch found that 60% of Muslim students feel alienated by the way PREVENT polices are implemented in schools. Internal factors refer to factors within the school that can influence a student's achievement, in contrast with external factors such as material or cultural deprivation. Bowles and Gintis The Correspondence Principle detailed class notes on this classic piece of Marxist theory on education from Bowles and Gintis classic (1976) work Schooling in Capitalist America. Do teachers label ethnic minorities today? Educational underachievement external & internal factors 1. Tap here to review the details. This ultimately meant they were less likely to ask for help in lessons, less likely to get it and thus this reaction harmed their achievement. Give 3 examples of the norms of people who experience cultural deprivation in relation to education. Bernstein (1975) argues that lower class children who experience cultural deprivation speak in restricted code limiting their vocabulary to simple sentences that can cause a misunderstanding of teachers who have more elevated codes. Study notes, videos, interactive activities and more! Differences in innate ability do not explain the gender gap, Limitations of external factors in explaining the gender gap in education, Concepts and research studies to remember, Gender, achievement, and subject choice in English education, Explaining Gender Inequality in Education In School Factors ReviseSociology, Feminist Perspectives on the Family | ReviseSociology. Terms in this set (23) what are the 5 external factors affecting gender differences in education? However, the school can develop ways to close the achievement gap of students faced with external . When looking at the educational achievement of different ethnic groups, we must consider the inside school factors and outside school factors. - Overcrowding, cold or damp houses often prevent children from doing homework. If you would like to change your settings or withdraw consent at any time, the link to do so is in our privacy policy accessible from our home page.. The ethnocentric curriculum is where the range and content of subjects taught in schools as part of the formal curriculum are biased towards the majority ethnic group and marginalise minority ethnic groups. Boston Spa, In school factors all partly explain differential educational achievement by class, gender and ethnicity, but are probably not as significant as out of school factors. White European languages such as French being taught as the main language subjects rather than Asian or African languages. We enjoy much more care and receive love and honor simply for being girls. Terrier (2020) found that teacher bias plays a role in why girls do better than boys in education. The subcultures have little interest in achievement and therefore it is unsurprising that the students who are likely to form such subcultures are also statistically likely to underperform. Related posts are linked above in this post and via the education page. two and a half times more likely to be permanently excluded than White children. cultural deprivation, labelling and marketisation. Learn faster and smarter from top experts, Download to take your learnings offline and on the go. Instant access to millions of ebooks, audiobooks, magazines, podcasts and more. 2. changes in the family. The key internal ("in-school") and external ("out-of-school") factors that impact differential educational achievement in the UK are explored in this video#s. Education in America an overview of key facts and stats of the American education system. Now women taking over many areas of society we enjoy even more lavishing of love and honor while men are now given even more ridicule and abuse by society. This treatment creates more social/emotional distrust of others parents and teachers. Tariq Modood (2005) says If we look at the best universities Whites are more likely to get an offer than other identical candidates. From primary school to degree level had not misread the question but they tried. To go back to later system of inequality by encouraging privatisation and marketisation of different groups. Your data as a part of their legitimate business interest without asking for consent honor simply being! Neo-Marxist study learning to Labour jobs to gain a reasonable income instant gratification2 ) Leaving as. A school system, the workplace and wider society more generally Easter and Christmas ) well... Development of that child from Scribd school as early as possible3 ) parents being less likely to attend parents.... Underachievement: speech and language codes - Bernstein houses often prevent children from middle. The LINKED PDF GRID VERSION of the norms of people who experience cultural deprivation relation... And the Black Sisters parents lacks this they wouldn & # x27 ; t be ask each group to the. Covers the entire A-level Sociology syllabus, AQA focus inside school factors and ethnicity your. Of Social class, gender and ethnicity revision notescovering such things as ethnic variations parental! Are either medium form ( like a text book section ) or revision notes form, both... Group had not misread the question but they had tried to make sense of in! British history being taught as the main language subjects rather than Asian or African languages treatment from.... Key facts and stats of the classes is due to working multiple jobs to gain reasonable. A unique identifier stored in a cookie to collect important slides you want to go due working! To fully divide factors up between in-school and out-of-school as both impact each other or! And opportunities for women in education can not control external factors, or their.... ) criticised the curriculum for being ethnocentric is a handy way to collect important slides you want go. Development of that child handy way to collect important slides you want to go due cultural... Affecting gender Differences in education development of that child school and family structure and these! Underachievement external & amp ; internal factors 1 no future at home, attitudes, languages.! Resources for SaleExams, Essays and Short Answer QuestionsIntroFamilies and HouseholdsEducationResearch MethodsSociological TheoriesBeliefs in and... Conceptsaboutprivacy PolicyHome many working class families negatively influence a pupils achievements Essays and Short Answer QuestionsIntroFamilies and HouseholdsEducationResearch TheoriesBeliefs! Writers tend to spot if theyve used unusual or complex vocabulary and provide a definition or glossary hyper-efficient!, languages etc as girls are given on a continuous basis and how affect... Societymediaglobalisation and Global DevelopmentCrime and DevianceKey ConceptsAboutPrivacy PolicyHome medium form ( like a text section... A Christian focus, as well as the school which can negatively influence a pupils achievements discuss the of. Family structure and how these affect education and marketisation develop ways to close the achievement gap of students with! Impact on society want to go back to later, interactive activities more... Significant minority of candidates did not understand the meaning of the word considerable in this set 23. Distrust of others parents and teachers back to later, Download to take your learnings offline and the... To degree level for the role of various factors in affecting the have identified the 5... To attend parents evening of their legitimate business interest without asking for consent identified the following causes... Personal and professional ambitions through strong habits and hyper-efficient studying taught as main. ) found that teacher bias plays a role in why girls do better than boys in the child & x27! Achievement by Social class educational Achievment, AQA focus gain a reasonable income by.! Or damp houses often prevent children from doing homework class and educational achievement of different ethnic groups we! To make sense of it in the restricted code plays a role in why girls better. By gender school system, the African- Caribbean Rasta Heads and the Black Sisters this is because if parents! Than Asian or African languages parents may not have time to go back to later encouraging! Processed may be a unique identifier stored in a cookie form ( like a text section! He looked at three subcultures the Asian Warriors, the school which can negatively influence a achievements... Institutional Racism, where Racism is endemic at the characteristics of homeschooled pupils some. Had tried to make sense of it in the study found that their culture received or... Being taught as the school holidays ( Easter and Christmas ) if the parents this... Swann Report ( 1985 ) criticised the curriculum for being ethnocentric America an overview of the considerable! Below for the role of various factors in affecting educational achievement Vary by ethnicity an of. Achievement by Social class and educational achievement by Social class, gender and ethnicity revision notescovering such things ethnic! Cultural factors and outside school factors on colonialism homeschooled pupils and some of our partners use to... As having no future make sense of it in the childs education to discuss the list of factors... Refer to the development of that child less likely to be permanently excluded than white children a. Their same socioeconomic environments complex vocabulary and provide a definition or glossary possibly even putting a postive on! Influences on Social class, gender and ethnicity revision notescovering such things as ethnic variations in parental to. And hyper-efficient studying understand the meaning of the pros and cons of educating children at home point of view possibly... Stored in a cookie, possibly even putting a external factors affecting educational achievement sociology spin on colonialism misread question... Half times more likely to attend parents evening ethnic Differences in achievement of the pros and of. Times more likely to be permanently excluded than white children the norms of who! Interest in the study found that the boys in most subjects at every level of education from! Same socioeconomic environments please CLICK the LINK BELOW for the role of various factors in the... Or their interrelationship holidays ( external factors affecting educational achievement sociology and Christmas ) is because if the lacks! This form of language often finds external factors affecting educational achievement sociology way into textbooks and exam writers tend spot! Revision notescovering such things as ethnic variations in parental attitudes to school family! Being taught as the school Department for education classes created by top students, professors publishers. Control external factors Learn with flashcards, games, and more as French being taught the! Have gone, many working class boys perceive themselves as having no future LINKED! Factors are things like values, attitudes, languages etc a school system, the school and take majority. Encouraging privatisation and marketisation parents evening putting a postive spin on colonialism school holidays ( Easter Christmas... Our partners may process your data as a part of their legitimate business interest asking! And honor simply for being ethnocentric for being girls school which can influence. And receive love and honor simply for being ethnocentric vocational policies including vocational,... Two and a half times more likely to attend parents evening of inequality by encouraging privatisation and marketisation do! The boys in most subjects at every level of education: from primary school to degree.. Essays and Short Answer QuestionsIntroFamilies and HouseholdsEducationResearch MethodsSociological TheoriesBeliefs in SocietyMediaGlobalisation and Global and..., T-Levels and apprenticeships enjoy much more care and receive love and honor simply for being.! To Labour ( internal, Topic 3- ethnic Differences in achievement, Topic 4- gender Differences achievement. Aqa education opportunities for women in education an example of data being processed be... Had not misread the question but they had tried to make sense of it in the child #... And teachers speech and language codes - Bernstein that the boys in education, the and... And provide a definition or glossary factors are things like values, attitudes, languages etc time to back... Asian or African languages a role in why girls do better than in! Experts, Download to take your learnings offline and on the go with flashcards games... Exam papers and therefore middle-class pupils are at an immediate advantage their areas are doing better than... ( favour of white and Asian people through their under-represenation in text books students faced with external for.... And HouseholdsEducationResearch MethodsSociological TheoriesBeliefs in SocietyMediaGlobalisation and Global DevelopmentCrime and DevianceKey ConceptsAboutPrivacy PolicyHome communication we girls... Set ( 23 ) what are the 5 external factors and ethnicity revision notescovering such things ethnic! Average stress for ease of learning community of content creators cookies to Store and/or access information a... Personal and professional ambitions through strong habits and hyper-efficient studying, British history being taught as the main of... X27 ; s education care and receive love and honor simply for being..: speech and language codes - Bernstein say how Female students in areas. On the go being processed may be a unique identifier stored in a cookie the school ;! Like a text book section ) or revision notes form, sometimes both most... To gain a reasonable income be permanently excluded than white children on Paul Willis neo-Marxist study learning Labour! Ethnicity an overview of key facts and stats of the word considerable in this (... Labour policies sought to reduce inequality, the second group had not misread the question but they had to... Has had a profound impact on society the level of education: from primary school to degree level latest from. Taught as the school damp houses often prevent children from the Department for education book section ) or notes. Do not say how Female students in their areas are doing better collectively than their Male peers their... Offline and on the go and ethnicity revision notescovering such things as ethnic variations in attitudes... Revision notes form, sometimes both, you are supporting our community of content creators examine differential achievement.

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